How to Build a Brick Arch - 7 Simple Steps
Building a brick arch is a popular way to add character and architectural interest to any structure. A brick arch can frame a doorway or window, create a decorative feature on a wall, or as part of a garden or patio design. However, the process can be challenging and requires skill, patience, and attention to detail.
Learn how to build a brick arch for your property with our straightforward and easy-to-follow step-by-step guide. It covers everything from preparing the foundation to laying the bricks for a long-lasting and visually appealing architectural feature.
Updated: 7/26/24
Materials and Tools for Building a Brick Arch
IMPORTANT! – You should only undertake building a basic brick arch if you already are comfortable with basic masonry tasks such as mixing mortar and laying brick in a normal pattern. If you’re unsure of yourself, it’s probably best to hire professional masons. If you’re in the Dallas, Texas area, contact us at A&X Masonry for a FREE estimate.
Before building a brick arch, it’s important to gather all the necessary materials and tools. The right equipment will make the process smoother and ensure your finished product is safe and structurally sound.
Here are the materials and tools you need:
▸ Bricks: Bricks are the primary building material for a brick art structure. They are made from clay and are known for their durability, strength, and ability to withstand high temperatures. Bricks come in various shapes, sizes, and colors and are commonly used to construct walls, buildings, and other structures. When building a brick art structure, choosing the right type of brick is crucial to ensure the desired look and strength of the finished product.
▸ Mortar: Mortar binds the bricks together, creating a sturdy and stable structure. It’s a mixture of cement, sand, and water.
▸ Rebar or Metal Reinforcement – Provides additional strength and durability to the brick arch structure. May not always be needed.
▸ Arch template – Used to create precise and accurate shapes and patterns in the brickwork.
▸ Wooden Forms – Temporary supports made of plywood cut to the arch shape, used to hold the bricks in place during construction.
▸ Story Pole – Made from a flexible material like silicone or latex, it seals any gaps or cracks in the brickwork to prevent moisture and air from seeping through.
▸ Foam Backer Rod – Inserted into vertical joints to keep them clear of excess mortar, allowing for clean, well-defined joints.
▸ 1/4″ Metal Rod – Inserted into horizontal joints and then removed to keep them clear of excess mortar, allowing for clean, well-defined joints.
▸ Trowel – A tool used to apply mortar to the surface of the bricks.
▸ Level – Ensures the brick arch structure is even throughout the building process.
▸ Wire Brush – Used to clean the surface of the brickwork.
▸ Caulking – Made from a flexible material like silicone or latex, it seals any gaps or cracks in the brickwork to prevent moisture and air from seeping through.
Steps for Building a Brick Arch
Masonry arch construction techniques can be challenging, but an arch is an impressive architectural feature that enhances its visual appeal. Here are some steps to ensure a safe and structurally sound arch.
Prepare the Base
Ensure that the base is solid and level. This will prevent the arch from collapsing. You can use a level to check for any unevenness or instability.
Create and Set the Arch Form
Create a wooden arch form (centering) that will support the bricks as you build the arch. The form should match the desired arch shape and span. Secure the form in place, ensuring it is level and properly supported. Typically, the form is made of plywood cut to the shape of the arch and reinforced with braces to keep it steady.
*If you’re wondering how to make a brick arch template, you may need to use a brick arch calculator.
Lay Out the Bricks
Before applying mortar, dry lay the bricks to determine the exact fit and spacing. This helps in identifying any necessary adjustments before the actual construction begins. Mark the center of the arch on the form, which will be where the keystone (central brick) is placed.
Lay the First Course of Bricks
Start laying the bricks from the base using the arch form as a guide. Apply a generous amount of mortar to the bottom and sides of each brick. Make sure the bricks align with the form and are properly spaced. Use a trowel to ensure the mortar joints are even and smooth.
Continue Building the Arch
Continue laying bricks in a staggered (running bond) pattern to ensure stability. Each row should start with a half brick to offset the joints. Apply mortar to each brick and tap it into place, following the curve of the form. Check regularly with a level to ensure the arch remains even and symmetrical.
Use Foam Backer Rods and 1/4″ Metal Rod
Insert foam backer rods into the vertical joints against the form to keep them free of excess mortar. Do the same with the 1/4″ metal rod for each horizontal joint. Once you move up a course, you can pull the metal rod out and move it up to the next level. This helps in creating clean, well-defined joints that are easier to tuckpoint once you remove the form.
Fill Any Gaps and Clean the Bricks
Fill any gaps or cracks between the bricks with additional mortar. Smooth out the exposed mortar joints with a jointer tool for a clean finish. Once the mortar has dried, use a wire brush to clean off any excess mortar or debris from the surface of the bricks. This step ensures that the arch looks polished and professional.
Allow the Mortar to Cure
Let the mortar cure for several days before removing the arch form. Curing is crucial as it gives the mortar time to set and harden, ensuring the arch’s strength and durability.
Remove the Arch Form
Carefully remove the arch form to expose the inside of the brick archway. Inspect the arch for any imperfections or weak points. If necessary, fill any remaining gaps with mortar and smooth them out with a jointer. This final inspection and touch-up ensure that the arch is structurally sound and visually appealing.
Final Clean Up
After ensuring the arch is complete and sturdy, perform a final clean-up of the work area. Remove any leftover materials, and give the arch a final brushing to remove any dust or debris.
FAQs on How to Build A Brick Arch
Here are some frequently asked questions about building a brick archway:
Do I need any particular skills to make a brick arch?
Building an arch requires a solid understanding of masonry techniques, including bricklaying and mortar application. While basic DIY skills can be helpful, having experience in masonry or seeking guidance from a professional is highly recommended to ensure the structural integrity and aesthetic quality of the arch.
Can I build a brick arch or hire a professional mason?
While it is possible to build brick archways yourself with the right tools and knowledge, it is a complex and labor-intensive project. Hiring a professional masonry contractor is advisable to ensure the arch is constructed correctly and safely, especially for larger or more intricate designs.
How long does it take to build a brick arch?
The time required to build a brick arch depends on the size, complexity, and your level of experience. A simple arch might take a few days for an experienced mason, while a more complex or larger arch could take several weeks. Factoring in the curing time for the mortar is also important.
How do I maintain my brick arch?
Regular maintenance is crucial for the longevity of your brick arch. This includes periodically cleaning the bricks with a wire brush or mild detergent, inspecting for and filling any gaps or cracks with mortar, and applying a sealer or water repellent to protect against moisture and weather damage
Hire the Brick Arch Pros
By following these detailed steps, you can successfully build a brick arch that adds both beauty and strength to your structure. Remember to use high-quality materials and take your time to ensure precision at each stage of the process. For additional guidance or professional assistance, don’t hesitate to contact Alexander and Xavier Masonry.
